Journal details
Comparative histomorphology of non-affected and affected lymphoid organs by Newcastle disease in broiler chicken
Published Date: 30 Dec 2016
Keywords: Newcastle disease, lymphoid organs, histomorphology, broiler chicken
Md. Najmul Hassan Parvez1*, Md. Aktharul Alam1 , Md. Royhan Gofur2 and Khadija Al Ferdous1 1Department of Anatomy and Histology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur-5200, Bangaldesh 2Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
Abastract:
Context: Newcastle disease (ND) remains a constant threat to the poultry industry and a limiting disease for poultry producers worldwide including Bangladesh. Objectives:The study was conducted to compare histomorphology of non-affected and affected lymphoid organs by Newcastle disease in broiler chicken (Cobb 500) in small scale commercial poultry farms at northern part of Bangladesh Materials and Methods: A total of ten farms having 300-700 birds (broiler chicken) have been selected for the present study where total number of birds was 5000. Lymphoid organs (spleen, thymus, cecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius) of both healthy and suspected ND affected broiler chicken were studied. Organs were cleaned with normal saline solution and the changes were recorded. Immediately after necropsy, organs were fixed in 10% formalin, then processed and studied microscopically using Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Results:The prevalence and mortality were recorded as 47% and 34.12% respectively and mortality was 1.52 times higher in non-vaccinated birds. Marked depression, prostration, drooping wings, muscle tremor, greenish white diarrhea, edema of the head, inactive, weak, accompanied by the nervous signs like twisted necks (torticollis) with high mortality were the major clinical signs. The necropsic changes were swollen and mottled spleen, enlargement of cecal tonsil with hemorrhage, swollen bursa, thymic enlargement etc. Necrosis and lymphocytic degeneration in the spleen, nuclear pyknosis and macrophages infiltration in spleen, hemorrhagic ceacal tonsils and congestion in the mucosa of the tonsil, lymphoid depletion, lymphocytolysis, glandular transformation of epithelium of bursa, medullary lymphocytolysis in thymus were the common histopathological changes in broiler chicken affected with Newcastle disease. Conclusion: Newcastle disease is still among the most prevalent diseases of chicken in the study area. Clinicopathologic findingswill provide some bases for ND diagnosis. However, vaccination,improved management and bio-security are important for sustainable and profitable poultry farming in Bangladesh